Lamm

Lam discusses the issues in our healthcare. We are starting to see a â€Å"brave new world of healthcare†, one where we need to set new standards and obligations. â€Å"We shall have to balance quality of life with quantity of life, costs and benefits, preventive medicine versus curative medicine†. Lam believes that there are two major flaws In and an equal number are undesired and second being the high cost of healthcare. He strongly encourages making healthcare more accessible.He repeats ever and over how the largest flaw Is our lack of access. The problem with having everyone able to access healthcare Is that the costs would Increase. We want everyone to have healthcare, but we are not willing to pay for it. He also discusses how we must now look at the needs of the entire population. We need to limit the use of certain resources of one individual in order to have enough for the whole population. I agree with Lam that our healthcare system is changing and we do need to better accommodate our lives in order to make it work.I believe that we should have universal care, but with that like Lam states with his new values â€Å"personal responsibility. With this responsibility one should take responsibility of their bodies. If there were universal healthcare one should eat healthy and exercise daily in order to stay well and keep costs down. Another issue that needs to be addressed is limitations of resources. Resources are limited, they should not just be used for one individual. There is the rest of the population that need those resources as well.

Remember the Titans, Directed by Boaz Yakin: Describing the Character of Gerry Bertier Essay

The film ‘Remember the Titans’ directed by Boaz Yakin filmed in the year 2000. in this essay I will describe how a character changes throughout the movie. the character I have chosen is Gerry Bertier the captain of the titans football team, in the movie Gerry changes from races to against racism. At the start of the film Remember the Titans, Gerry Bertier rushers to a fight against black people this is how Boaz Yakin explains that Gerry Bertier is racist because Gerry rusher into a fight without knowing the reason why the fight broke out. In my own opinion I think Gerry is racist because he is going to fight because he is white and he is against black people, so were Ray, Allen and the others that followed their captain Gerry Bertier into the fight. Half way through the movie when the titan’s football team is on camp Julius challenges Gerry because ray isn’t blocking for Rev (black football player) and Julius mentions to Gerry â€Å"attitude reflects leadership† Gerry then looks at Julius and starts to realise that what he is doing is wrong. I think what Julius said changed Gerry’s perspective because he looked shocked and he realises that he has to do something about Ray not blocking for Rev because he could get hurt and he needs to change his attitude to become a better captain. The morning after Julius’s and Gerry’s argument, coach Boone wakes the team up at 3am in the morning all coach Boones says is don’t get lost on the way, the team set out on a early morning run, coach Boone leads them to Gettysburg where he tells them about what happened there, when coach Boone is talking the director has captured a close up shot of Gerry that film technique shows the audience that Gerry is listening to coach Boone, later on in the film it proves that he listen to coach Boone because Gerry tells Ray off for not blocking he tells him to block Rev and Julius see that he is trying to change his perspective in how Gerry sees black people they look at each other and smile then Gerry taps Julius on the shoulder and says â€Å"this is left side† Julius replies with â€Å"strong side† they repeat those word over and over again. I think that Gerry is now realising that to become a great captain he has to overcome all the racism and work toget her in order for the team to achieve success. One of the games Ray ends up letting the opposition through and Rev gets hit and he breaks his wrist Ray acts like he doesn’t know what happened but Gerry knew that Ray didn’t block on purpose because at the start of the film Ray says to Gerry â€Å"I’m just buying my time† and Julius realises that he wasn’t going to block for Rev because he was black Julius tried warning Gerry and that’s how Gerry knew he didn’t block on purpose. After the game Gerry says to Ray â€Å" your off the team Ray† Gerry has kicked Ray off the team that’s shows that he has changed and he is non-racist no more by kicking ray off the team it also shows that he is putting the team before himself. I think that he has finally changed his perspective about racism. In conclusion, the director Boaz Yakin has made the audience realise that the main character that changed for the good of things was Gerry Bertier he went from racist to non-racist he overc ame many obstacles and he united his football team the titans.

A Legacy to Education Essay

The philosophy of learning, leading and serving is a systematic approach to providing an educational experience that is developmental and individualized. To teach is to learn, to lead and to serve, colleagues, students, the community and to influence the world we live in with what we have learned. The philosophy of a learner is to have an instructive knowledge that is developmental and individualized. A learner with experiential, life-centered and a relevant learning educational experience will move toward self-directed learning. I will impact Learner’s lives with education that is valued as a resource where learning is driven, first by internal motivators rather than external motivators. (Western Michigan University Department of Therapy 1995) I will have a positive influence on learners by using the art of teaching. With my skills acquired by my experience and study and the science of my occupation, I will impact their learning experience and accelerate their abilities to its highest potential. I will be remembered for my emphases on creating an atmosphere for learning, bringing qualified data through presentation and innovation, of the highest quality, including unpredicted events into the lessons. Learners will remember me as a teacher, and an artist who’s medium of expression is spontaneous, unpredictable, unrehearsed, and a God created experience of learning between teacher and student. (Parkay and Stanford) The legacy I bring to learners in the field of education believes that all students can learn in an effective and collaborative way that will maximize my learned skills, as well as my student’s learning and ability to achieve. (COE Conceptual Framework) I will lead in the field of education by serving pupils, contemporaries, and the public with tenacity and appealing to a diverse global community in the practice of learning and achieving their highest God-given level, to achieve the highest values in life, that they may in turn, influence their shifting world with positive contributions. (GCU COE) I will lead by teaching learners to develop critical thinking skills, to develop a social support system for learning, and to be able to tap into their most operative learning styles and to develop lifelong learning skills. (Knowles, M. Holton, E. & Swanson R. 1998) I will lead in diverse educational settings and apply the theories and concepts learned in my program of study, to meet the needs of learners PK-12th grade. (COE Learner goal #6) My legacy and will in the field of education is to serve with my God-Given talents in a positive, purposed and passionate way that will instill value to the profession of teaching, that will be remembered by my students, colleagues and community as someone who made a difference in the lives of those I touched. I will make a difference in those lives while serving by exhibiting the highest professional disposition, demonstrating the art of teaching and the science of teaching that impact the educational community as well as my own professional growth and development. (COE Conceptual Framework) I will serve using teaching skills that reflect the HQT requirements of the state and Higher Education Learning Institution and my best professional development skills. (COE) The legacy I will leave with my students is imparted knowledge of critical thinking skills, analytical and evaluating skills, survival skills, that will live on and pass on from generation to generation. My legacy is a gift that will keep on giving, long after the career is over, learning and teaching will go on. I will leave a legacy of the passion to learn, to share to grow and thrive and to be an asset to the community. I leave a legacy of believing in myself, and believing in my students, and inspiring them to finish, completing what they have started and I have started within them. I leave the Legacy that they will remember that the fate of our world and humanity is in their hands, so learn and teach and teach and learn, from the cradle to the grave. (Sally Broughton of Montana (CCSSO Teacher of the year 2008) REFERENCES College of Education Conceptual Framework College of Educational Conceptual Framework (Learner goal #6) Sally Broughton of Montana (CCSSOS Teacher of year 2008) Western Michigan University (Department of Occupational Therapy 1995) Knowles, Malcolm, Holton, Elwood & Swann, Richard. (1998 The Adult Learner & Human Resource Development) Forrest Parkay & Beverly Hardcastle Stanford, (Becoming a Teacher)

A critical reflection essay on Islam Essay

Islam being the fastest growing religion, has adhered a lot of positive as well as negative attention from the media. Due to this vast media influence stereotypes in Islam have increased from terrorism, Muslims have been discriminated merely due to the negative outlook that North America has portrayed upon them. The media tends to entwine the truth and to make Muslims seem perilous. Having that simple coherence of one another will be the start to making a difference. Islam is one of the most inspiring religions in the world. It is practiced in many countries, including Northern Africa, Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, Turkey, Iran, Pakistan and Iraq. Due to it being such a large religion, us people of the west tend to have a little understanding and knowledge about the religion. The very bitter truth is that not many people outside the religion can fully grasp their principles. With so many stereotypes being constantly circulated, it is very hard to get an evident picture about Islam both as a religion and as way of living. The first stereotype has to do with the jihad. Jihad literally means â€Å"The struggle in the path of God†, or â€Å"holy war†. This term unfortunately has been totally misunderstood and made to make it appear as though the Muslim people fight their way through all their problems. Jihad could mean ones spiritual struggle against infidels and does not always refer to actual violence. This pillar of faith has been completely turned around in order to portray Islam in a negative manner, which is surly something that we’ve adapted to through the media. Another stereotype is that women in the Muslim society are not treated equally or with respect. People feel this way because the women often wear a hijab which consists of a veil covering the head. This is actually a personal choice of the women, not a requirement. It was said in the Qu’ran that women and men were to be treated equally. By judging people too quickly we tend to forget to look inside rather then to make assumptions due to an appearance. Stereotypes such as the ones mentioned are absolutely biased and extremely unfair to the Muslim people. Many times, the media does not catch the side of the story where real people are being affected and influenced by what the society thinks and says about them. We seem to act as though we are more superior and that we are perfect and do not make mistakes. Just because some  people from a certain religion make a poor choice does not mean that everyone else is that religion is bound to as well. It is the same with the Muslim people. Just because there are terrorists who hurt themselves and those around them for selfish reasons, does not mean that every other Muslim is just as destructive. I feel that people need to be more open minded and try to do research and become more educated before judging and discriminating. If for once all religions saw eye to eye and did not try to put one another down then we would live in a much peaceful world. By not becoming educated, we basically take someone else’s opinion, or the medias and make it our own without looking deeper into the situation. If we just stop being selfish for just a moment, perhaps we can start again and try to live in harmony with our fellow human beings. During the past two weeks I have learned a lot about Islam, although I did know the basis of the religion people my family practices it. Although some of the thinks that I thought I knew turned out to be totally false I always thought the women never played a role in society and that the Muslim people really did have extremist views. After taking a closer look, I came to realize that I was not even close. It was so interesting and almost relieving to come to that realization that these people are simply misunderstood and are the victims of brutal discriminatory attacks. The biggest thing I learned from all this was not to judge a book by its cover. We can’t really have an opinion or pass judgment on a situation that we know nothing of. I realized now that people twist things in order to get a good story but as soon as people are educated about these matters, the media can no longer fool us into believing it all. Acting upon new knowledge, and most importantly correct knowledge is the way to see through the discrimination and look deep inside. Misconceptions and stereotypes about Islam and the Muslim community have increases majorly in the past couple of years. People have become too quick to judge and believe everything that the media tells them. Through knowledge and coherence about Islam and the Muslim people we would come to understand that it is all a simple misunderstanding and that really the Muslims are victims in this manifesto. We should not let others form opinions in our  head and to stay ignorant to the reality of the world. By doing this we save ourselves from becoming something that is not really human, but more so a robot that’s being controlled by the media, if we just stop and think for ourselves, we could live in harmony, and achieve world peace, a feeling that’s everlasting.

As Fashion Merchandiser

How to Draw Strategy from a Comparison Shopping Report Milliard's Mini-Case As an FM student you have already done lots of shopping reports. This exercise is intended to show you how to use this information as an analytical tool. Comparative shopping Is done In the Industry constantly. But the point of the task Is to Identify strengths and weaknesses of your stores merchandise mix In comparison to the competitors'. Are you offering the customer something unique in one segment of your business, but not in others? Are you Just a poor second in comparison too throng competitor?Are you under- or over-developed in certain classifications? Are your prices in line with the rest of your store? In relation to your competition? Are there business opportunities that no one has addressed yet (market voids)? In this exercise, you are the buyer for Milliard's Department Stores Men's Sport Shirt Department. Your boss has asked you to do a comparison shopping analysis in order to determine ways to a djust your assortments to improve sales and profits. Milliard's Is a mostly moderate department store with some business done at better price points as well.Women's, Men's, and Kids' are all carried, along with all the usual Home Store categories. Within Women's, both Misses and ‘Women's† (Plus size) are carried. The store is predominantly branded, but there is some private label merchandise carried within the departments. For 201 3 Private label has not been as profitable as Branded merchandise and the buyer of Men's sport shirts is seeing a trend toward â€Å"labels† Note: This Is a self-contained case study. â€Å"Mallards† Is a fictitious store. Therefore, you must Limit yourself to Information In this write-up only. Work on the skill of writing with specificity.Don't answer competitor-by- competitor; give one assessment that takes all competitors into consideration) b. Why are these segments at a competitive advantage? C. Which components are not at a competitive advantage? D. Why not? Third Step After finishing your study, you read in the paper that Thomas & Blake is going out of business! Even though they continued to have decent revenues, their debt load finally did them in. They could no longer afford to keep the stores open. 3. A. Does this change provide an â€Å"environmental opportunity' for you? . Does the issue of branded vs.. Private label enter into this consideration? Why or why not? C. How might you adjust the assortments in your department to â€Å"pounce† on the misfortunes at Thomas & Blake? Be very specific. A. Yes, When Thomas & Blake goes out of business, that gives you an opportunity to take over Thomas & Flake's market share with the right merchandising strategy. B. Maybe , because Thomas & Blake is a typical department store that doesn't have over Thomas & Flake's customer. They might want to consider private label. C.Compare to Thomas & Flake's shopping analysis. Milliard's needs make the price ran ge of the better regular classification a bit higher from $80 to $120. Also, the price range of the better big/Tall classification need to be adjusted higher from $50 to $90 in order to meet the need of the customers who used to shop at Thomas & Blake. D. Fourth Step Of course, nothing stands still in the world of retailing. Just as you start to celebrate the loss of a key competitor, another news item hits the local paper: Wall-Mart is coming to town!! Ouch!

A Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

A - Essay Example The essay on King Abdulla Scholarships was more liberal in details since it set its focus on the consequences of the cultural interaction between the Saudi students and the Americans. The two essays presented unique challenges connected with the appropriateness of content involved. Organizing the essays involved some kind of research because much of the details were beyond my immediate experience and grasp of knowledge. In the entirety, the writing was a form of learning experience because I interacted with various sources that provided resourceful and engaging information on multiple factors that connect with the subjects of the essays. It was fulfilling to arrange these sources into logical explanations, analyses, and elaborations on healthy eating and the impact of King Abdullah Scholarships on the Saudi students. Time management was one of the challenges encountered in the process of writing these essays. A significant amount of time was spent in the reading and analysis of the information from the various sources required a depth of insight and quick processing of information in order to achieve quality essays within the right kind of time. The planning stages of the essay entailed the organization of the introduction of the subject matter in a way that would ease the understanding of the readers. I acknowledged the fact that I was not writing the essays for my own reading. They were intended for particular audiences. As such, planning involved the choice of language and the organization of sentences. Furthermore, these essays dealt with matters of general interest. Such matters can generate boredom if handled clumsily without regard to the element of beauty and creativity, which many readers seek in any piece of writing. As such, it was necessary to organize this piece of writing in a way that would enhance the understanding of the reader without placing any kind of

Questionarise for survey of customer buying performance for Essay

Questionarise for survey of customer buying performance for technological goods - Essay Example 152). Therefore, this study aims at indentifying buying preferences of customers towards sustainable technological goods which in this case will be different brands of cars. Moreover, the study aims at exploring technological elements that make some brands of cars to be highly purchased as opposed to others. Sample size of 1764 was used for the study. The result indicated that consumers purchase technological goods based on the quality, safety, value, performance, design, innovation, and environmental friendliness/green factors. Introduction Numerous factors usually affect the purchase decision of the consumer and most of these factors have been used in understanding market for specific goods and or services. Nonetheless, satisfaction of the consumer is usually pegged on the consumer’s cognitive and effective evaluation of the past experience on certain purchases. Additionally, the consumer’s purchase decision may be analyzed based on perceived risks. Therefore, underst anding these elements are quite beneficial to the new or technological good manufacturers especially those who intend to introduce new goods into the market (Mohr, Sengupta, and Slater, 2010; pg. 101). However, purchasing new technological goods will require more than the risk perception on the good, but will also require limited theoretical assessment of the entire purchase process that is defined within six risk dimension that include the assessments of the performance risk, financial risk, physical risk, convenience risk, social risk, and psychological risk (Pride and Ferrell, 2012; pg. 144). Each of these dimension of purchase risks usually have different significance on product or purchase risk or context; therefore, they must be considered independently by the consumer in determining their purchase decisions (Shaw, 2003; pg. 62). Therefore, these aspects or purchase risks will be considered independently in analyzing the factors influencing the purchase decisions of consumers to purchase technological cars. Literature Review The choice of customer is usually governed by the microeconomic theory that connects the preferences to consume goods and services in relation to the consumption expenditure. Therefore, choice of the customer usually affects the consumer demand curves. The relationship or the link between consumption, personal preferences, and demand curves is usually considered business economics since it helps in analyzing how the customer often achieves the equilibrium between expenditure and preferences (Crane and Mayer, 2003; pg. 179). This analysis is usually done by considering how the consumer maximizes utility as subject of budget constraints. Preference often presents the desire of an individual to consume a good and service thereby translating to consumer choices. Notably, these choices are usually based on wealth or personal income combined with the available time the consumer has to define consumption activities. Thus, it is worth noting that consumption is distinctive of production since there are two different actors that are involved. In other words, consumption is the primary aspect of production. A manufacturer may produce a good that would never be consumed; therefore, different abilities

I need you to add two more papers to my essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

I need you to add two more papers to my - Essay Example g a better understanding on how certain issues such as the enlightenment of religion can enhance structural integrity that can help individuals fully grasp the essence and the reality of religion and science. With this study, we aim to deliver high quality insights that would prevent constructive stereotypes on the topic that affects our community in general (Harrison, n.p.). Religion is a belief in a higher being that results to a certain person or community practices in line with a certain divine or moral law in order to improve oneself and be further brought closer to a relationship to an all-powerful and all-knowing spiritual being. The practice of this belief most people call â€Å"religion† entails a series of ethical principles that highly motivates and influences human practices and behavior towards reaching a noble goal, the good of the whole community. This being said, religion before and today is considered as an important guiding instrument & an important source for human beings to lean towards the good and constantly repel our inner nature of being evil, which through constant practice develops good manners and right conduct. Religion is also one of the strongest forces that enable one to develop positive vibes within oneself and prevent unruly behaviors easily caused by imperfect circumstances and challenges being faced from day to d ay. Because most people revere a certain kind of religion, each one is awarded with a sensitive conscience that reminds one of what is right and wrong, allowing one to have control over one’s attitude towards unwanted issues that could encourage actions that potentially harm other individuals, groups, and communities. Islam is considerably one of the largest religions in the world who call their god â€Å"Allah†. Today, there are at least more than a billion members that practice this particular religion that originated for more than millennium years ago. However, with all the many religious groups having their own

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS - Essay Example Based on the target profit of the enterprise the manager can determine the prices he needs to charge to achieve the financial goals of the company. A qualitative technique that the company can use is a focus group of customers. 3. The price sensitivity in the hotel industry is more evident in the lower end of the market. Bargain hotels compete with other hotel chains in a manner that price wars often occur. Price wars are an undesirable business occurrence that hurts the profitability of all companies involved. During the recession people were more sensitive to prices more than ever before due to rising unemployment and lower incomes. 4. Unbundling products in the restaurant industry is a technique that is used to lower the overall prices. Sometimes some of the value added in the bundling for the customers included food items that the customers did not desire. Unbundling enables restaurants the ability to offer lower unitary prices per food items at prices that bring higher profits. 5. Price discrimination occurs when companies charge different prices to different customers (Wisegeek). A socially responsible price discrimination strategy is charging a lower price to senior citizens. Another example of price discrimination is charging higher prices to tourists. 6. A hotel or restaurant can obtain great results from its first revenue management program, but profits are not optimized until the company goes through a process of collecting sales numbers trying different offers and price points in its menu. In the fast food industry the participants are constantly changing their prices. Sometimes companies utilize menu offers that become popular such as McDonald’s $1

Case Study Suicide Among Adolescents Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Case Study Suicide Among Adolescents - Essay Example At first he seemed upset but more or less normal. Nothing in his behaviour was different than any other young man who had had his heart broken. However, over the weeks that then followed he began to act increasingly strange. He began to sing sad songs to himself and began to drink heavily and use drugs. He drew strange pictures on the walls of his house and even on his clothes. When the new school year began, his behaviour worsened. He began to harass Samantha’s friends, in one case leaving dead flowers on one of their doorsteps, addressed to Samantha. He also began a relationship with a girl he met on the Internet. This girl was effectively a shut-in with no social skills. At times, their relationship gave the appearance of abuse. John began to make threats about killing himself. His friends tried to support him, but increasingly John pushed them away. His behaviour was sporadic. He stopped attending classes and was often drunk in the daytime. He began to steal from his friends. When walking down the street he would sometimes skateboard into traffic. He often described the world as evil and as a joke. John’s father, Herman, came to visit John and try to comfort and support him. He told him that he was loved and tried to get him to open up to him. He tried to talk about what was happening, but John was not responsive. Herman had to go back home to go to work. John appeared increasingly agitated and anxious. He withdrew almost entirely from his friends and roommates and no one knew where he was. A few days later he tried to hang himself. What treatment should be used on John? He is living on a knife’s edge and he needs immediate help. His problems have been unaddressed for too long, in part because he is not being supervised by anyone. Too many of the people who should have a responsibility for him live too far away. That support structure should be addressed. He should be a started on a course of

Trust and trustees Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Trust and trustees - Essay Example The assumption that many have is that they are protected under the legal framework of â€Å"common law marriage.† Tina and Luke can exemplify this fact since they lived for several years and upon breakdown of the relationship, Luke was in a fix upon the sale of the house since Tina didn’t consider him or the contribution he had made towards the renovation of the place they both considered home. This paper will try to give an in-depth analysis of this case study by exploring the current law that governs relationship breakdown for cohabitees, the rights that Luke has on Tina’s flat and how he can get his share of the property back. ‘A patchwork of legal rules’ are entailed in the legal rights available to cohabitants upon relationship breakdown.2 This is because the procedure of reclaiming a right over a property in a cohabiting situation is complex, expensive and uncertain to rely on and not applicable to family circumstances.3 This can be highlighted by the disparity that exists with the relief available to married couples under the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973 (MCA)4, which enables the court to deal with the entirety of a couple’s assets and provide for complete discretion when making orders, with the courts ‘largely left to get on with it for themselves.’.5 In Luke and Tina’s situation, the property under contention was registered at the Land Registry in Tina’s sole name. In sole ownership cases, the difficulty arises for the non-legal owner who must traverse their way through strict property law and complex equitable principles under the Trust of Land and Appointment of Trustees Act 1996, which is supposed to establish an equitable interest in the property.6 There are also complications that arise in regard to joint ownership cases and this precedence has been hugely used to determine the cases of cohabitee. The

UNION BARISTAS AT STARBUCKS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

UNION BARISTAS AT STARBUCKS - Essay Example the National Labor Relations Act(NLRA).Thus, the NLRA clearly states that employees shall have the right to organize themselves, forming, joining, or assisting labor organizations so as to have a collective bargain through choosing their own representatives ,engaging in other intensive activities for the goal of collective bargains and it shall be unjust labor practice for an employer to impede, hold back or force workers in exercising of the guaranteed rights. In the formation of a union however, ignorance of the law is always a main issue. A worker should be informed that s/he has a legal right of joining as well as supporting a union in addition to attending meetings during non-work time to discussing issues related to joining a union. A worker is also entitled to speaking about the union any time other non-work talk is permitted, reading and distributing union literature so far as s/he does this in during non-work times like lunch hours, breaks, before or after work and outside the work area. An employee is also entitled to signing a card or petition to showing support for a given union. Lastly an employee can request fellow workers to support the union, sign petitions or cards asking their employer to be aware of as well as bargaining with their union. On the other hand it is illegal for an employer to issue threats of or actually sacking, lying off, disciplining, harassing, transferring, or reassigning workers due to their supporting a union. In addition an employer should not show favoritism to workers who are ag ainst the union over those in support in such aspects as job assignments, promotions, hours, salaries, implementation of rules or any other working condition for that matter. It is also illegal for an employer to close the work station or remove any benefits or privileges workers already enjoy so as to dispirit presumed union activity. An employer should also not make promises to workers’ pay raise, promotion, benefit or unique favor for opposing

Data Analysis report Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Data Analysis report - Assignment Example According to Kimiecik (1992) and Beck and Ajzen (1991), what others expect is very key and determines the level of influence they have on another person’s decisions. Subjective norms, perceived behaviour changes and hindrances combine to give rise to intentions. To Beck and Ajzen (1991), a favourable attitude accompanied by the other factors gives a stronger position in making decisions. However, this does not mean that believes alone have any sufficient evidence that intentions change. The study was on theory of planned behaviour and aimed at gaining a deeper understanding of the roles of various factors including subjective norms, behaviours and others that affect/influence the attitude of consumers in making decisions. The researcher sampled in order to draw inferences about the whole population. In the research study, the researcher used a sample of 150 participants. All the participants were sampled from Europe; 73 (35 males and 38 females) of the participants were sample d from UK and the other 77 (46 males and 31 females) were sampled from Germany. The researcher employed the use of a questionnaire to collect the information. Questionnaires are used since they give more information from many participants within a very short time. Further, the closed questions are easier and faster to analyze (Freed, M. et al. (1991). The research tool was developed according to Ajzen (1987; 1991; 2002) laid down procedures. The questions were guided by the objectives of the study. SPSS was used to analyze the data. Various analysis methods were used. Descriptive statistics were used to show data representation while multiple regressions were used to show the significance of the contribution of each independent variable; the amount of change in the dependent variable holding all the other independent variables constant. Before actual regressions. The error terms were tested if they meet all the assumptions employed in regression analysis. Homoskedasticity was tested using the White test (Gore and Altman 1992). Further, correlations were used to show the strength of the relationships between the independent variables. Before all the other analyses were conducted, reliability analysis was conducted to establish the reliability and validity of the variables for inclusion in the study. The results are presented below; Findings Table 1: Profiles Frequency Percent Country United Kingdom 73 48.7 Germany 77 51.3 Total 150 100.0 Gender Female 69 46 Male 81 54 Total 150 100.0 Relationship Status Single 58 38.7 Married or in a relationship 92 61.3 Total 150 100.0 ?/â‚ ¬ spend per week 0-39 ?/â‚ ¬/week 50 33.3 40-79 ?/â‚ ¬/week 68 45.3 80-119 ?/â‚ ¬/week 28 18.7 120+ ?/â‚ ¬/week 4 2.7 Total 150 100.0 All the participants were sampled from Europe; 73 (35 males and 38 females) of the participants were sampled from UK and the other 77 (46 males and 31 females) were sampled from Germany. 69 were females while 81 were males. 58 of the participan ts were found to be single while 92 were found to be married/or were in a relationship. The level of weekly spending was found to be varying much as the findings indicated that 45.3% spend ?/â‚ ¬ 40-79 per week with a meager 2.73% spending ?/â‚ ¬120+ per week. 29.3% of the participants placed their annual earning ranging between ?/â‚ ¬15-24,000 compared to 18.8% who said their earnings ranging from ?/â‚ ¬ 40, 0000 + per year. Table 2: Descriptive Statistics N Mean Std. Deviation Int_Avg 150

To research a business opportunity for an American product (Clothing & Paper

To a business opportunity for an American product (Clothing & Apparel) in Morocco - Research Paper Example In this analysis the Moroccan trade policies in terms of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) along with the integration of participation in regional economic structures. Notably, Moroccan market witnessed a new phase of its foreign trade relationship when the economic policies were reassessed and FDI flow was liberalized in the year 2005, rendering opportunities for a new business entering in the markets of Morocco from a foreign state. The economy also intended to execute certain programs which would facilitate the growth of industrial sector and thus benefited the new entrants to the economy (United States Agency for International Development, â€Å"Morocco New Business Opportunities Program†). ... For instance Morocco is known to be an Islamic nation. Similar to other majority of Islamic nations, the business environment of Morocco is highly influenced by the religious beliefs of the nation which might create certain challenges for the American Clothing & Apparel Company. Notably, King Mohammed VI, the pre-eminent authority of the political systems of Morocco, declared to build a democracy and granted limited executive power to the Prime Minister of the country in the year 2011. This facilitates a significant change in the economic structure of the nation developing it as a ‘Unitary parliamentary democracy and Constitutional Monarchy’ (Arieff, â€Å"Morocco: Current Issues†). Economic System According to the World Bank, the economic status of Morocco is often regarded as a Lower-Middle-Income (LMI) country. The Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the United States was conducted by the government of Morocco in the year 2006 indicating the objective of the econom y to enhance the trade relationship between the two nations, i.e. Morocco and US (United States Agency for International Development, â€Å"Morocco New Business Opportunities Program†). It is worth mentioning that in the current economic regimes of Morocco, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is considered as an important tool for its overall development. It is also regarded as a major indicator of the efficiency of those policies and incentives implemented toward investment activities undertaken by Morocco. Based on this notion, the economic trade policies within Morocco have been developed to facilitate the trade relationships on the international ground enhancing the business opportunities within the nation (PKF, â€Å"Doing business in Morocco†). It is in this context that the continuous

Residence Tiebreaker Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Residence Tiebreaker - Essay Example This may lead to a double taxation system. The above necessitates for the individual to utilize the relevant treaties available in determining residency.1 Fortunately, many nations in the world have come together in development of international laws that will safeguard such individuals from such huge tax burdens. There are conditions that an individual should fulfill to be considered a taxpayer of country X instead of country Y. These conditions are referred to as the tiebreaker rules. Different countries use different criteria in carrying out assessments to determine the residence of an individual. There are instances where a person can be considered as a taxpayer in two different countries. The law provides for dual citizenship. In such a case, the individual can pay tax twice under specified laws of the two countries. In most countries, the residence factor is addressed in Article 4.2 They all address it as the Residence Article. In a case where the two countries have a treaty in respect to tie-breaking rules, the two countries can settle their claims on which country has the right to tax the individual. In many cases, these provisions are highlighted in paragraph 2 of Article four of the law. The international law provides the treaty with supreme powers over the domestic laws in determining the residence of the person.

Please read the instructions carefully Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Please read the instructions carefully - Article Example It should be an increase of $0.5 billion from a decade ago. Most of the adhesives used in cars include: crestomer advantage 30, UV-curing, and crestabond M1-05. They are proven to be reliable with long term bond strength, durability, and toughness. The clean motion AB has used them for designing the Zbee electricity vehicle. The adhesives have made Zbee vehicle very light to be powered by an electric motor that use 4KW (â€Å"Adhesives Increase†). This has reduced fuel consumption for urban transportation. Adhesives are more efficient in joining aluminum materials with other metals such as steel where weld cannot be used. In addition, they are one-component and solvent-free materials. This makes them easy and safe to be integrated with other manufacturing materials. In the automotive industry, adhesives assemble critical devices such as seat belt monitoring switches and air bag deactivation switches (Uske and

Ethics Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ethics Reflection - Essay Example Examples of stakeholders include Customers, suppliers and any person who is directly involved in the business activities. A responsible organization treats all stakeholders equally. Additionally, this helps the team identify and monitor any risk that have a potential of arising as well as find an alternative solution and everybody needs an opportunity to speak and give their idea. Moreover, members should be open when providing ideas and feedback as well as raise concerns and come up with new ideas. This should be conducted professionally where everybody is independent in providing views and ideas thus providing quality discussions that aid in the decision making process listening to their ideas keenly. Moreover, a friendly environment improves the relationship among members in an organization thus strengthening the process of strategic planning and resulting in better decision making. The team members should take a fair and truthful possible risk during the planning process. This le ads to the maintenance of the welfare of stakeholders that include the employees as well as the society (Ransome, 2009). The ethical perspective throughout the program links to the success of an individual or a company. An individual’s view of ethics keeps on developing depending on the knowledge and information one receives throughout their life experiences. This is the reason why individuals use their experiences to make decisions about what is right or wrong depending on the kind of situation they are facing. The evolvement of ethics comes from personal values that form a critical element of a person’s strategy influencing how they relate with others and how they behave in the society. In addition, ethics perspective has evolved from taking pride in what one does and how they do it. This makes them behave responsibly in judging and decision making by showing the highest

C&B (u4ip) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

C&B (u4ip) - Essay Example Lines 18, 19, 20, 22, and 23 are the most important lines on the form that is included in the page below, as these particular lines contain the codes. It is not reasonable, safe, or reliable to expect a billing specialist to remember all of the codes and modifiers that are safe. Therefore, he or she will need a reference guide for this. Since these codes and modifiers are updated occasionally, an online reference guide would be a good resource. One good resource is the website for the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid. In the form below, the website for the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid was used to look up the codes. The diagnosis code for this particular patient matches that of an individual with multiple sclerosis. The codes that follow the diagnosis code are procedural codes that represent the testing that was done during the office visit of that particular patient. There could have also been supply codes included, but no supplies were used in this particular visit that was going to be billed to the insurance company in question. Had there been supplies used, those would need to be included on the form as well. The codes were looked up using a search engine on the website, which provided a page listing the codes for musculoskeletal

Qing Dynasty Essay Example for Free

Qing Dynasty Essay The last dynasty in China, the Qing dynasty, ruled from 1644 to 1911, and there is argument to say that their failures, especially those towards the end of their rule, created the underlying tension and ideologies behind the Communist victory in China and the consequential establishment of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). These failures can be subdivided into military failures, weaknesses of the leadership, financial disarray, political troubles, and the Qing dynasty’s failure to implement lasting, effective reforms. It can easily be argued that the Qing dynasty didn’t recognise the importance of the military until it was too late and they suffered for neglecting it. The dismissal of a key general, Yuan Shikai in 1908 can be seen as a turning point for the military in this period. The dismissal wasn’t for valid reasons, but purely a chance for Regent Prince Chun to assert his authority. However, this had disastrous consequences the Qing dynasty, as they had lost their only loyal general, leaving them without military protection, an issue which had already been exacerbated by the Boxer Rising in 1900-1901. The Qing dynasty then made a further mistake in putting too much trust in him when he (reluctantly) returned. This resulted in Yuan Shikai using his unarguable military strength to gain political power. In all, this left the Qing dynasty with little, if any military strength. Their army wasn’t loyal, nor was it organised and there was much internal strife. Therefore the Chinese people were left yearning for a government that was strong enough to command military as well as political power, planting the ideas of revolution in their heads. The Qing dynasty also had a lot of problems with leadership. During the â€Å"100 Days† period of attempted reform, obvious internal power struggles arose which further weakened the dynasty. Here there was the struggle between the reactionaries of the government, those that wanted China to remain traditional and to uphold the ideas of Confucian living, and progressives who were in support of bringing in reform and change to modify China . With hindsight, it can be argued that, perhaps if the progressives had won the debate over reform, there might not have even been a need for a revolution. However, at the time it is important to note that the ideas of Confucian living and social harmony were a core part of Chinese society, and because most of the Chinese public had not known any different, something as radical as what the progressives were suggesting was seen as alien and threatening.  The reactionaries outweighed the progressives in court, and led by Dowager Empress Cixi, they forced themselves into power. For a while, although Cixi was in no way a perfect leader, at least there was a constant leader who was reliable. However in 1908, upon the death of Emperor Guangxu and Dowager Empress Cixi, Pu Yi came to be emperor. However emperor Pu Yi was only a very small child at the time, so Prince Chun acted as regent. He lacked authority, and so 3 further years of inconsistent leadership followed. The Chinese public started looking for someone who was confident to lead them into a revolution and give them what they need in way of reform, opening up and opportunity for a n ew leader to step in. From the end of the Opium Wars, the Qing government had been plunged into a state of bankruptcy, leaving them without enough money to impose an industrial modernisation programme that China so desperately needed. This was made worse by the crippling penalties imposed after the Boxer Rising in 1900-01. The effect of this is most obviously highlighted with the railways crisis from 18958-1911. During this time the railway boom in China meant a great opportunity for provinces to thrive, bringing in trade and new jobs. However, the Qing government chose to nationalise the railway, and to be able to afford to do so, that meant that they had to raise taxes and rely on foreign loans. Naturally, the Chinese people in these provinces weren’t happy with the fact that not only have the government taken away a huge possibility for local investment, but were then imposing taxes on the very people who were missing out. This led to open opposition of the government for the first time in China, as well as a damaged sense of pride because they were relying on foreign investment. The Qing dynasty was widely regarded among the Chinese as old-fashioned and redundant. First of all, this was down to the simple fact that they originated from Manchuria, which wasn’t even part of China, meaning that they were out of touch with the growing popularity of nationalism. Also, their authoritarian tradition made them incapable of responding to the demands of the revolutionaries, who were inspired by Japanese and Western models of democracy. This is because, among the people, there was fear of the punishments associated with â€Å"disrupting the social harmony† (defying the government). Combined with the government’s fear of change, it can be argued that this is why it took until 1949 for China to have a revolution, compared to America or France. Finally, and most importantly, was the Qing dynasty’s  blatant disregard for the crucial need for reforms. The closest that they got to reform was during the â€Å"100 Days† in 1905, when reforms based on western models were proposed but completely ignored in courts and so therefore didn’t go through. Part of this was to do with Dowager Empress Cixi leading a strong opposition against the reform. However, she later went on to introduce some reform, for example she brought an end to tests in Confucianism for government positions and she created provincial assemblies. Many historians have argued, however, that this was just an attempt to win over the revolutionaries who were turning against the idea of an â€Å"establishment† all together. Generally, by the time of the formal abdication of the Qing dynasty in 1912, the revolutionaries within China were ready for change. They were fed up with having a corrupt, inconsistent central government that weren’t in touch with the modern concepts behind revolutionary thoughts. This lay the foundations for the Chinese revolution and the eventual establishment of the PRC in 1949.

Tragic Hero Macbeth Essay Example for Free

Tragic Hero Macbeth Essay 1. In the Shakespearean tragedy, â€Å"The Tragedy of Macbeth†, Macbeth himself did not come from noble stature, but instead he followed into the line of kingship, and had presented himself with outstanding qualities; such as strong abilities out on the battlefield. 2. The hamartia presented in Macbeth resulted in Macbeth’s own murder against his good king Duncan, in order to gain power, fame, and fortune for his own pleasure. Macbeth himself had a hubris or pride and passion that he allowed to take over his decisions, leading to his tragic downfall. 3. Macbeth’s downfall itself was led by his own freewill, overridden by his own arrogant confidence. Proof he had taken done this to himself is said so by Macbeth, â€Å"I am in blood stepped in so far that, should I wade no more, returning were as tedious as to go o’er.† (Act III, Scene 4, Line 136-138). 4. As the audience, pity was expressed dearly through Macbeth’s possible and yet great human potential, â€Å"I have lived long enough†¦and that which should accompany old age, as honor, love, obedience, troops of friends, I must not look to have.† (Act V, Scene 3, Line 22-26). 5. The first signs of awareness are when Macbeth puts together the real predictions granted to him by the three apparitions, â€Å"Let every soldier hew him down a bough and bear it before him.† (Act V, Scene 4, Line 4-7). He is then lead to accepting his fate or anagnorisis, right before Macbeth is slain by Macduff, â€Å"I will not yield, to kiss the ground before young Malcolm’s feet†¦I throw my warlike shield. Lay on, Macduff.† (Act V, Scene 8, Line 27-24). Part Two: By using Aristotle’s definition of a tragic hero, I would conclude that Macbeth is indeed a tragic hero. Macbeth’s tragic flaw mostly described as his passion, where he would contemplate over and over with his very own reasoning, in which passion overrules all of his humanly common senses; this causes an imbalance between human reason and passion thus leading to tragic consequences or rather the hero’s tragic death.

Analysis Of Bohemian Rhapsody Music Essay

Analysis Of Bohemian Rhapsody Music Essay Bohemian Rhapsody was recorded by the British rock band queen. Released in October 31, 1975, Bohemian Rhapsody was greeted like a miracle from heaven in the largely barren musical ground of the mid-Seventies. At the time it was produced like most expensive single. Brian May thought of that the tracks main album A night At The Opera as their Sgt Pepper. It was the first time that an opera passage had been combined with a pop record and reached number one place. The song obviously has a very unusual structure and the operatic section was planned to be a lot shorter, but when they got to the studio they decided to make it bigger. The song was recorded at the Roundhouse studios, located in Wales in particular the Rockfield studio 1. Freddie Mercury is the writer of the song also keyboard player and a lead vocalist in the band. He wrote the song in his flat while he was trying to develop a complex song, which would consist of more than three sections. Using a structure that leans towards a more classical approach, which was in contrast to the contemporary-pop form at that time. According to Brian May most of the song was written in a studio environment, but the rest of the band claim that Freddie had everything in his head before that. Interestingly enough the song hasnt got a chorus, but just a complex layer of verses and main parts including a ballad verse, an operatic passage, a heavy rock solo and a classical outro. Queens prowess at layered vocal harmonies, dominated by Mercurys soaring operatics, was second to none, while Brian Mays multitracked guitar orchestrations were arguably the most creative contributions to the instrument since Jimi Hendrix. In the studio the band embraced the innovative breakthroughs laid down during the psychedelic and progressive eras, and took them to another plain. While they relied on but a simple instrumental line-up of Guitar, Bass, Piano and Drums, they played them like they were new inventions and in doing so, delivered a genuinely new, epic slant on rock. Launched into the age of glitter, it was no surprise when Queens flamboyance earned them a glam rocker tag. Although studio technology played a vital part in the stunning results, what must not be overlooked is the natural tone of Mays homemade guitar, his vibrato technique and the use at all times of a silver sixpence in place of a pick. Brians great strength was in phrasing a part and then double-tracking or harmonizing very accurately. The title of the song has a powerful rock ideology the word Bohemian could be traced to the practice of an unorthodox lifestyle. That could be associated with like-minded people having musical and artistic or qualities. A rhapsody can be described as music in a one-movement work that is episodic yet integrated, free-flowing in structure, featuring a range of highly contrasted moods, colour and tonality. A burst of sudden inspiration and a sense of improvisation make it freer in form than a set of variations Bohemian rhapsody was the biggest success in radio and charts for queen. They achieved that with introduction of a video clip to the song that was broadcasted heavily on radio and television. It was strongly influenced by the media hype they created with their experiments previous albums. The public expected to hear such an experimental approach. Queen had a previous attempt in a similar form that was used in the song the The march of the black queen which didnt reach the success of Bohemian Rhapsody.The band wanted to become famous with that kind of song and they achieved it, because of their musical geniuses. They band had some attempts to reach popularity with similar songs in structure and form. But they didnt receive the deserved media attention. Freddie needed to write something like that for a long time. With the high standard of contemporary and classical mix of genres bohemian rhapsody clearly represents the album Night at the opera and still is one of the most epical contemporary albums nowadays. The recording process took three weeks, and the song was changed many times until the final piece was produced. The classical genre of opera has invaded nearly all aspects of popular culture. Especially one essential sphere of popular culture that has remained relatively immune to operatic influence is rock music. Even when hearing the song for first time and you didnt know who are queen, the operatic influence and form in the whole album are clearly distinguishable. They are combined in symbiosis with their progressive and experimental hard-rock genre from their previous albums to create something unique that was never heard before on this scale with that kind of success. The song consists of six sections: introduction, ballad, guitar solo, opera, hard rock, and outro. This format, with abrupt changes in style, tone, and tempo, was unusual to rock music. Intro part (0:00-0:48) The song begins with a cappella multitrack layered vocals. The tonal centre of this part is in B flat, Although the music video shows that the whole band is singing at the beginning, Fredie recorded it by himself. The lyrics are questioning if this is the real life or a fantasy, almost like hes dreaming not really aware of whats going on. And then he goes open your eyes look up to the skies and see. It means to free yourself and realize. When he says Im just a poor boy hes speaking in first person you can feel the tragic character on his voice. The melody of the voice, doesnt fully represent the true tones sung by Freddie FIG 1 Analysis of the first part. Chord functions In the first bar the song begins with a B flat six chord. Then there is a Cmaj7 which alternates with Bflat6. In the third bar theres Fmaj7 and Cm7 emphasizing on a dominant function with the fa in octaves at fifth time, which resolves in B flat alternating with CM7. FIG2 FIG2 , second bar Gm which is the parallel minor of B flat. Bflat, acts as a III mediant and then goes to the other mediant on VI function FIG3 second bar goes to Cm and then to the subdominant IV Fmaj and on forth time modulates to Bmaj (FIG4) the harmony moves chromatically through Bflatmaj and A for the first two bars resolving to Bflatmaj and in the fourth bar eventually goes to IV subdominant Eflatmaj moving through Bflat with a third in the bass. FIG5 First bar diminished C# which acts as a subdominant moves to the dominant with a fifth in the bass Fmaj following a classical cadence that resolves to Bflat on the third bar. The harmony is in arpeggio, with octaves on G and F, which could be interpreted as a sixth chord Bflat6 Ballad (0:49-2:37) FIG6 This part of the song is repeated twice in a verse. Everything is the same except for the lyrics. Second bar goes to the VI mediant Gminor moving through II Cm and stays there until the third time, first bar on figure6 when it goes to the dominant F. The movement, I > VI > II > V can be characterized as a chain of fifths root-motion. The arrangement is quite bare in the first verse. Theres piano and bass played, but no guitars or backing vocals. The introduction of drums is retained until the beginning of the second verse, entering along with the double tracked rhythm guitars. FIG7 Following the verse sequence the same passage Bflat->Gminor FIG8 And heres an interesting alternated cadence which changes the whole structure of the verse with Cm7 that passes through augmented B and reaches stability in the subdominant Eflatmaj-5 that leads to the dominant Fmaj-3bass and the semitone movement in the bass on third time changes the function to minor and the G predisposes to Eflatmaj-> Bflatmaj-3. The similarity between the two parts of the section is easily distinguishable. The first has a more straight-ahead progression, but the second one is a variant. FIG9 C minor -> F minor -> Bflatmaj that act as a dominant to Eflatmaj, The transition of a key shifting doesnt seem that obvious, partially using a modulation that is executed smoothly and its difficult to detect. On the other hand, the tonal center of the part steps along the new key. FIG10 First volta begins with the tonal centre of Eflatmaj which moves to dominant V Bflatmaj and then to the VI mediant Cminor moving through a minor subdominant Amflat. This function suggests of a melodic major scale with flattened VI and VII, which resolves to Eflatmaj. And the same sequence repeated with a Eflat diminished -> Fminor7 to leads the harmony to the second verse in this part with two bars in Bflatmaj. FIG11 Second volta is entirely a guitar solo that leads to the next part of the song. Chord functions: First bar Eflatmaj-> third beat Bflatmaj-3 > second bar Cminor and third bar Fminor. Guitar solo (2:37-3:03) The band builds up intensity that reaches the peak and culmination in this part. (figure) First bar Bflat7 -> second bar Eflatmaj -> third beat Gminor-5, fourth bar is in Cminor, fifth bar in Fminor, sixth bar is moves through Dflatmaj, dflatmaj with c in bass and Bflat minor. Brian recorded his own version of Freddies melody instead copying it. FIG12 The solo is in a mixolydian scale, because the scales from Bflat to Bflat have an A flat alteration a flattened seventh that is necessary for the eflatmaj. The harmony in the last bar of the solo changes chromatically as it the key changes to A, which is is a drastical change. The operatic segment enters immediately as Mays solo abruptly concludes Opera (3:03-4:08) FIG13 The choir effect was created by having May, Mercury, and Taylor sing their vocal parts continually for ten to twelve hours a day. Multi track layered vocals that mimic a wall of sound can be heard throughout this part. According to Roger Taylor they had sufficient vocal qualities to accomplish that. Freddie was good in the middle of the range, Brian had a powerful low voice and Taylor was singing the highest tones. They have used a 24track tape machine to record all these parts in a three weeks period. This part of the song is strongly operatic. It hasnt got a clear measurement and even thou it begins in Amajor with clear chromatic pattern that goes D major, A major, A diminished, and back to A major that is repeated twice and then continues with the subdominant move FIG13 D major, A major, D major, A major, A diminished, A major, D major, A major. On thunderbolts it shifts to Dflatmajor with aflat in the bass, Aflatmajor followed by a Cmajor with fifth in bass and Emajor that suggests a very classical culmination of the phrase rarely used in rock music. Many of the lyrics in this part are phrases of the Quran. The word Scaramouch means A stock character that appears as a boastful coward. FIG14 Fig cannot be characterized with a tonal centre Freddie and Taylor are repeating a chromatic phrase in octaves, which resolves in another wall of layered vocals. The word Galileo was used for Brian May who was interested astronomy and Galileo Galilei was a famous scientist. Magnifico means magnificent in Italian. FIG15 At the second bar and then it returns to the previos pattern of chromatic melody accompanied by rapid changes in harmony as it follows from the third bar Bmaj, Bflatmaj, Amajor, Bflatmaj FIG16 The same chord sequence as in the previous bar is repeated. On the second bar in the chorus section the harmony progression changes to: Aflatmaj, Eflatmaj, Eflat diminished, and goes the back to Eflatmaj, which seems to be the same chord sequence as in used in the beginning of the operatic part, Dmaj, Amaj, Adiminished, Amaj therefore the tonal centre should be Eflatmaj. The whole sequence repeated once again in the third bar. FIG17 Aflatmaj and Eflat in the first bar resolve to Fmaj and Bflatmaj accompanied with the melody. At the third bar theres an intro to the solo part of narrator whos negotiating for his life continues in a chromatic movement: Aflatmaj, Eflatmaj-3, Fsharp diminished and Fminor-7. The absence of minor chords is quite drastic, but not unexpected for acapela passage. FIG18 The first two bars follow the harmonic sequence Bmaj, Bflatmaj, Amaj, Bflat this movement is chromatic in semitones gradually reaching the dominant Bflat and resolves in Eflat at the third bar. Bismillah is one of those words taken from the Quran and it literally means In the name of Allah. In this part clearly the narrator is struggling to save his life, but the judges are not going to let him go. The whole message is repeated once again. FIG19 On the phrase will not let you go theres a strong accent as if its been chopped to impose an authority expression. Also taylor plays on the floor tom in quavers as if hes banging the judges hammer. The lyrical phrase let him go is in Eflatmaj and suggests that someone is also pleading for his innocence. We will not let you go is in Bflat emphasizing on a dominant function. FIG20 The whole harmonic sequence is repeated once again to dramatize the struggle and negotiation, until it reaches another layered wall of vocals. FIG20 In the second bar the harmony changes to Gflat7. On the pharese No no no theres a chord progression Bminor, Amajor, Dmajor, Dflatmajor, Gflatmaj FIG21 , Bflatmaj dominant chord and resolving in Eflatmaj. With the narrator in solo, whos moaning and whining with the phrase mama mia. Bflat on let me go resolving to- FIG22 Eflatmaj, Aflatmaj,and Dmajor, Gminor in the second bar moving towards Bflat on the third and staying on a dominant chord for the next four bars. FIG23 And changing the pulsation to triplets until finally resolving to Eflatmajor Hard rock (4:08-4:55) This part begins with a solo intro performed by May that ends in Fminor. It has a rather aggressive and angry approach compared to the dramatic previous part. FIG24 The harmony on the verse follows the chord sequence: Bflat7, Eflat7-5, Bflatmaj, Eflat Fig25 Bflat in the first bar and then a pause of 2 beats for the voice in Dflat Brian plays on it. The verse sequence repeats, but FIG26 On the phrase die goes to Aflatmaj, Fminor and Bflatmaj on Oh baby and then again Fminor on cant do this to me baby FIG27 Bflatmaj followed by Fminor with a seventh this time. The sequence is repeated twice until reaching FIG28 Eflatmajor in the first bar followed by an instrumental solo, gradually slowing down and decreasing the velocity. Outro (4:55-5:55) The song returns to the pace and form of the intro part. The guitar is playing along with the vocals Ooh ahh. Theres a second guitar melody played as a second voice that was recorded with a different amp. Lyric wise the phrase Nothing really matters appears again from the beginning of the song and is accompanied by an arpegiated piano that is suggesting a resignation and dramatic images with the usage of minor chords. At the very end of the song theres a sound of a big gong that is emphasizing on the completeness of the whole song structure. Roy Thomas Baker recorded the song using just a single microphone on the snare, U67 or U87 on the toms and overheads. An AKG D12 was used on the bass drum. John Taylors bass was recorded via direct input into the desk. They have also recorded the bass with a cabinet to pick up the air movement with Electrovoice 666 and Neuman U67. Freddies piano was miked up using two Neuman U67 in a stereo pair and a shure vocal microphone for his voice. Brian may used Vox AC30 amp (backless) they also set up some microphones behind the amp and near the wall to capture some ambience and the full spectrum of the guitar sound. While the first three albums had been made using a 16-track equipment, Bohemian Rhapsody benefitted from the 24 track technology. Harmonic analysis referenced to a simple score of the piece provided by lecturer.

Lesser Sac Cystic Lymphangioma: Gastric Outlet Obstruction

Lesser Sac Cystic Lymphangioma: Gastric Outlet Obstruction Cystic Lymhangioma of the Lesser Sac in adult presenting with features of Gastric Outlet Obstruction A Case Report S Suresh Kumar Sri Aurobindo Prasad Das Vikram Kate Running title: Lesser sac cystic lymphangioma causing gastric outlet obstruction Key Words: Abdominal cystic Lymphangioma; Omental Bursa; Outlet Obstruction Article type: Case Report Section (speciality): Surgery- Gastrointestinal Surgery Abstract: Non- Structured (Case Report) ABSTRACT: Background: Cystic lymphangioma is a paediatric benign tumour, occurs commonly in head and neck region. Adult Intraabdominal lymphangiomas are uncommon and only few cases of lesser sac cystic lymphangioma are reported in the literature. Case presentation: We present a case of lesser sac cystic lymphangioma in a 26 year old lady who presented with features of gastric outlet obstruction. Clinical examination of the abdomen revealed 10 x 10 cm firm, non tender, mobile intraabdominal lump in the epigastrium. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed possible external compression at the boy of the stomach. Ultrasound of abdomen demonstrated a multicystic lesion measuring 10.2 X 8 cm, with internal echoes in one locule. Contrast enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen showed a large multiloculated cystic lesion with hyper-dense content in the lesser sac extending up to the left lobe of the liver and indenting the stomach, lesser sac, and upper border of pancreas. On surgical exploration, a 10X8 cm multi cystic lesion with clear fluid was found in the lesser sac very close to the lesser curvature of stomach. The descending branches of left gastric which were found coursing through the cyst were ligated and the cyst was excised in Toto. Histopathological examination of the excised lesion showed features of cystic lymphangioma showing dilated lymphatic vessels with fibro-fatty tissue ingrained in the endothelial lining. Conclusion: Though intraabdominal cystic lymphangiomas are very rare, it should be considered in all atypical cases of gastric outlet obstruction. A reasonable knowledge about these benign lesions will aid in establishing the diagnosis and surgical management. Key Words: Abdominal cystic Lymphangioma; Omental Bursa; Outlet Obstruction Background Lymphagiomas are benign lesions generally occur as a result of lymphatic system malformation and infrequently reported after trauma. 90% of the cases are seen within the first two years of life and symptomatic presentation in adults is very rare. [1] Cystic lymphagiomas commonly involves neck and axilla but can occur anywhere in the body. Though Intraabdominal lymphangioma accounts for Case presentation A 26-year old lady presented to surgical outpatient department with complaints of early satiety, vomiting few hours after food intake and vague fullness of upper abdomen. She also had features of dyspepsia for the past one year. She had developed pain and had a feeling of a mobile lump in the upper abdomen for the past one month. There was no pancreatitis episode before. General physical examination was unremarkable. Clinical examination of the abdomen revealed 10 x 10 cm lump in the epigastrium which was firm in consistency. The lump was non tender, freely mobile and intra-abdominal. Investigations The haemogram and biochemical profiles were within normal limits. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was done which showed normal mucosa of stomach with possible external compression at the boy of the stomach. Ultrasound of abdomen was suggestive of a multicystic lesion measuring 10 X 8 cm, with internal echoes in one locule, present superior to pancreas adjacent to the left lobe of the liver. Rest of abdomen was unremarkable. Contrast enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen showed a large multiloculated cystic lesion measuring 10.2 X 8 cm with hyper dense content in some loculi in the lesser sac extending up to the left lobe of the liver and indenting the stomach, lesser sac, and upper border of pancreas with a few branches of left gastric vessels coursing through it. (Figure: 1) Correlating the clinical, USG and CECT abdomen findings a diagnosis of possible lymphangioma was made and the patient was planned for exploratory laparotomy as the symptoms were persisting. Surgical management On surgical exploration, a 10X8 cm multi cystic lesion with clear fluid was found in the lesser sac very close to the lesser curvature of stomach. (Figure: 2) The descending branches of left gastric which were found coursing through the cyst were ligated and the cyst was excised in Toto. (Figure: 3) A drain was placed in lesser sac and abdomen was closed in layers. Outcome and follow- up Postoperative course was uneventful. The drain was removed on the 3nd postoperative day and the patient was discharged on seventh post operative day. Histopathological examination of the excised lesion showed features of cystic lymphangioma showing dilated lymphatic vessels with fibro-fatty tissue ingrained in the endothelial lining. (Figure: 4) Patient was followed up at one month, six months, one year and two year after surgery. On each visit, clinical examination and USG was done which showed no evidence of recurrence. The lady is presently on regular follow up for past 2 years with no evidence recurrence till date. Discussion Intra-abdominal cystic lymphangiomas are uncommon benign tumours that can involve the mesentery, omentum, colon, spleen, pelvis, groin, and retroperitoneum [5, 6]. We had a case of cystic lymphangioma in the lesser sac which is very rare. Cystic lymphangiomas are considered to originate from malformed or malpositioned lymphatic tissue. Factors such as abdominal trauma, inflammatory process, lymphatic obstruction due to radiation therapy or surgery may lead to secondary formation of such tumors. Our patient did not have any of the mentioned inciting factors; the cause was probably congenital which had manifested late in life. Commonly known to present in childhood, lymphagiomas sometimes remain asymptomatic until late adulthood, and are discovered during evaluation of vague and chronic nonspecific symptoms like anorexia, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and weight loss, which are secondary to mass effect [4]. This was seen in our patient who had early satiety and vomiting after food intake probably due to mass effect and had a vague feeling of mass in the abdomen. Other ways of presentation such as acute abdomen, mimicking acute appendicitis has also been reported [3]. Contrast CT done in our patient revealed multicystic lesion measuring 10.2 X 8 cm, present superior to pancreas, in the lesser sac adjacent to the left lobe of the liver. Cystic lymphangioma usually presents as a large multilocular cystic mass with enhanced walls with multiple thin septa containing uncomplicated fluid on abdominal ultrasonography and contrast enhanced computerized tomography which is very often diagnostic [7]. The differential diagnosis includes cystic lesions of, enteric urogenital or mesothelial origin. Pancreatic pseudocysts from trauma, dermoid cysts or teratomas and cystic degeneration of solid tumours are also to be considered before making this rare diagnosis. Management of intra-abdominal cystic tumours depends on the clinical symptoms, size of the cyst, and the degree of clinical suspicion for malignancy. Imaging usually provides useful information for the planning of treatment. Complete removal of the tumour offers an excellent prognosis and laparoscopic removal of lymphangioma also shown feasible in few reports. We therefore decided to perform a laparotomy and complete excision of the cyst was done. On the other hand, recurrence has been reported in 10% of patients in whom primary resection was incomplete.[9] If the feeding lymphatics are not completely ligated, chylous ascites may also occur. Conclusion: Though intra-abdominal cystic lymphangiomas are very rare, it should be considered in cases of gastric or biliary obstruction where the cause could not be recognized clearly. Reasonable knowledge about these benign lesions will aid in establishing the diagnosis during such instances. Complete surgical excision offers the best chance for cure and should be attempted in all the cases to avoid recurrence. Consent Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this Case report and any accompanying images. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor of this journal. Competing interests disclosures The authors have no potential or real conflict of interests The authors have no financial support or ties to disclose The authors have no financial or non financial competing interests to declare Authors contributions Suresh Kumar S, Das S A and Kate V diagnosed and managed the case. Suresh Kumar S, Das S A did the literature search. Suresh Kumar S and Das S A collected the images. Suresh Kumar S and Kate V drafted the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. References Hanagiri T, Baba M, Shimabukuro T, Hashimoto M, Takemoto H, Inoue A, Sugitani A, Shirakusa T. Lymphangioma in the small intestine: Report of a case and review of the Japanese literature. Surgery Today 1992; 22: 363-367 Roisman I, Manny J, Fields S, Shiloni E. Intra-abdominal lymphangioma. Br J Surg 1989; 76: 485-489 Benjamin HL Tan, Teegan Lim. Cystic lymphangioma of the lesser sac presenting as acute appendicitis: A case report. Cases J. 2008; 1: 147. Massoud Baghai-Wadji, Azadeh JalalKamali, ToorajReza Mirshekari. Cystic lymphangioma of the lesser sac. Can J Surg. 2006; 49: 292. Fernandez Hurtado I, Bregant J, Mulet Ferragut JF, et al. abdominal cystic lymphangioma. Cir Pediatr. 1998 ; 11: 171-3 Chuang-Wei Chen, Sheng-Der Hsu, Chien-Hua Lin, Ming-Fang Cheng, Jyh-Cherng Yu Cystic lymphangioma of the jejunal mesentery in an adult: A case report. World J Gastroenterol 2005; 11: 5084-5086 Angela D. Levy, Vito Cantisani, Markku Miettinen. Abdominal Lymphangiomas: Imaging Features with Pathologic Correlation. AJR 2004; 182: 1485-1491 8. Kenney B, Smith B, Bensoussan AL. Laparoscopic excision of a cystic lymphangioma. J Laparoendosc Surg. 1996; 6: S99-101. 9. Steyaert H, Guitard J, Moscovici J, Juricic M, Vaysse P, Juskiewenski S: Abdominal cystic lymphangioma in children: benign lesions that can have a proliferative course. J Pediatr Surg 1996, 31:677-680. 1

Accomplishments of Dorothea Dix

Accomplishments of Dorothea Dix Dorothea Dix Nekisha Riley In this paper I have chosen the public health pioneer Dorothea Dix to discuss. Dorothea was the person responsible for devoting her time to the welfare of the mentally ill. She was also and educator and an activist for many. In this paper, I will discuss the impact that Dorothea had on public health, what she did to advance public health, and some of the obstacles that she had to overcome. Dorothea Dix also known as Dolly was born in 1802 in Hampden, Maine to Joseph and Mary Dix. Dorothea was the eldest of her two siblings (Norbury, 1999). Dorothea’s father was a Methodist preacher and an alcoholic while her mother suffered from mental illness. Her father was known to be abusive, but Joseph was known for educating his children (Parry, 2006). Dorothea’s father taught her and her two brothers how to read and write. In 1812, the Dix family took up and moved to Vermont due to the war of 1812 (Gollaher, 1993). Dorothea and her family remained as one until Dorothea felt she had had enough of her dysfunctional family. At this time, Dorothea had dealt with enough of her father’s abuse, so she decided to run away at the age of 12 to live with her grandmother in Boston. Dorothea stayed with her grandmother for a brief amount of time before moving with her aunt in Worcester, Massachusetts (Parry, 2006). After staying with her aunt for two years, Dorothea opened up her first private school to help children learn to read and write. When Dorothea realize that her school was now a success, she went back to reside with her grandmother Dix in Boston. This is when Dorothea opened her second school and added a night school for the poor, which was one of the first ones in the nation (Gollaher, 1993). After being an educator for almost four years now, Dorothea met Edward, which later became her fiancà © (Gollaher, 1993). The unrealistic thing about her new relationship was her now fiancà © was also her first cousin (Parry, 2006). It was about three months later her father died and Dorothea decided that she no longer wanted to get married. Dorothea spent the next couple of years educating as many people as she could. She was also attending conferences to educate herself. At this point, Dorothea has been working so much without getting the proper amount rest that she has fallen very ill with a severe upper respiratory ailment. It was at this time, Dorothea decided to move to Liverpool, England to stay with the Rathbone family for almost a year while recovering from her illness (Ivan, 1976). The Rathbone family took a liking to her and showed her more affection that her family had. In 1837, Dorothea returned to the United States . At this point her grandmother passed away which her mother died a couple of days afterwards (Ivan, 1976). She was still ill and did not have the strength to resume teaching yet, so she used the Dix estate and savings to support herself (Ivan, 1976). In 1841, Dorothea met a ministerial student, who was teaching Sunday class for women who were incarcerated in East Cambridge Jail (Norbury, 1999). The ministerial student became so frustrated with his efforts of trying to teach these women, that he asked Dorothea for advice. When talking to Dorothea, Dorothea realized that this could be an opportunity for her to volunteer at this jail. This was the turning point of Dorothea’s life. She started volunteering at Cambridge Jail and noticed the living conditions and how the mentally ill was mistreated (Gollaher, 1993). The jail had no heat in any of the living quarters. Those incarcerated were not segregated and all lived together including hardened criminals, feeble-minded children, and the mentally ill (Norbury, 1999). Dorothea was determined to get the prisoners some heat by going through the court system. In Massachusetts, Dorothea had her first memorial for a law that they had permitting them to hold women and men who had mental issues (Ivan, 1976). In 1848, Dorothea asked Congress to grant 12 million acres of land for the benefits of the mentally ill, blind, and deaf. She had plans to build asylums to help house people that need help and could not receive it (Parry, 2006). Congress approved the bill, but six years later President Franklin Pierce vetoed it (Gollaher, 1993). This was one of the many setbacks that Dix had, but she did not allow it to hinder her from being devoted to helping the mentally ill. After having this minor setback she spent the next decade improving hospitals in Rhode Island and New York (Ivan, 1976). She also established hospitals in thirteen other states along with District of Columbia (DC), Ontario, and Nova Scotia (Ivan, 1976). At this point, in Dorothea’s life she had become worn out from working so hard and not getting any rest. In 1854, Dorothea decided to travel to Europe and rest (Gollaher, 1993). Once she was in Europe she learned that the private hospitals for the wealthy and the public facility for the poor were very different. Dorothea traveled from 1854 to 1856 to 14 countries and instigated many changes (Parry, 2006). In 1856, Dorothea returned to the United States to resume her reform work. When she returns, the country is in an uproar from slavery issues (Gollaher, 1993). She had to remain neutral on the issue of slavery, or if she was anti-slavery the southern states would have refused to hear what she had to say and her reform for mental institution would have not taken place in the south. Five years later, the Civil War began. Dorothea volunteered her services and became the Superintendent of United States Army Nurses. Dix’s job was to organize the first aid stations, recruit nurses, obtain supplies, and help to set up training facilities and hospitals (Ivan, 1976). Although Dix did have the determination required to pursue these tasks during the war, she lacked the social skills. Dix’s lack of social skills and training caused her to have some issues with the doctors. The doctors also felt like Dix was stepping over the line for telling them about the unsanitary conditions, their drinking habits, and the treatment of the soldiers. At this point they were treating Dorothea differently and no longer wanted her to be there. Dorothea resigned from her position but remained there to help find missing soldiers, write letters to families letting them know the status of their son’s well-being, and helped soldiers with securing their pensions (Parry, 2006). After the war Dix returned to traveling around the United States and Europe helping the mentally ill, while gaining the support of the wealthy (Parry, 2006). Some of the hospitals that Dix helped established were now understaffed and overcrowded. Some people were saying that Dix no longer cared for what she had started many years ago. At this time, Dix said that the hospital needed to provide the clients with therapy and that everything would go back to normal. At this time Dix had founded 32 of 123 mental hospitals in the country (Gollaher, 1993). She has now reached the age of 80 years old and has returned to New Jersey due to her ailing health (Norbury, 1999). Dorothea later retired and moved into one of the guest rooms at one of the mental hospitals that she help establish more than three decades before. Dix remained at the hospital for about five years before she died in 1887 (Ivan, 1976). Dorothea had accomplishments that came along with some obstacles. She was able to help many have a safe place to stay and receive the proper help that they needed. Dix was a pioneer to public health and stayed true to what she believed. While Dix was never married, she was engaged to her cousin for about three months (Parry, 2006). Dorothea has many things in today’s society that remains in her memory like the Dorothea Dix hospital here in my home state of North Carolina. References Gollaher, D.L. (1993). Dorothea Dix and the English Origins of the American Asylum  Movement. Canadian Review Of American Studies, 23(3), 149. Norbury, F.B. (1999). Dorothea Dix and the Founding of Illinois’ Firat Mental Hospital. Journal  Of The Illinois State Historical Society (1998-), Ivan, P.P. (1976). Pioneers in Special Education—Dorothea Lynde Dix (1802-1887).  Journal Of Special Education, 10(1), 2. Parry, M.S. (2006). Dorethea Dix (1802-1887). American Journal of Public Health. pp. 624-625.

Essay --

Sena Jeter Naslund’s life and her success as an author. Mrs. Naslund was born Sena Kathryn Jeter was born and raised in Birmingham Alabama. While growing up Naslund was captivated by books. These books sparked her to start creative writing on her own. She was expected into one of the most prestigious creative writing programs in the nation. There she earned masters and Ph.D. in creative writing and literature. Naslund served as the director of the university for twelve years and has been a visiting professor at several other colleges thought the years. The first publication of her work was publicized in nineteen-seventy two, the book â€Å"Julius Geissler†. She later published five novels and two short stories. Sena Kathryn Jeter was born June twenty eight nineteen forty- two. She was born and raised in Birmingham, Alabama. Sena Jeter attended Phillips High School. She begins writing at the young age of nine. Her first short story was published in her school newspaper. However, writing is not but one of her many talents, she also played the cello in Birmingham Youth and Alabama pops orchestras. The University of Alabama offered her scholarships for music. Sena declined there offer because she felt writing was her true talent. After declining the University of Alabama she applied to the Birmingham Southern College. Sena accomplished a bachelor’s degree, while attending Birmingham-Southern College. To further her education as a grad student Sena applied to the University of Iowa’s Iowa Writers Workshop. This being one of the nation’s most prestigious creative writing programs. During her stay at the University of Iowa Sena Earned a Masters and a PH.D in creative writing and literature in nineteen seventy-one. Sena Jeter had a few... ...imate and epic. Being from the south widely influences the way that Naslund writes. Some of her other writings include† Abundance† A novel of Marie Antoinette written in two thousand six and Adam and Eve written in two thousand ten. Naslund now lives in Louisiana with her husband John C. Morrison. However she keeps close ties to her home state of Alabama. She was recognized by the Alabama State Council of Arts, who presented her with the Governor’s Arts Award in two thousand eleven. Naslund is currently professor and writer at the University of Louisville and the Director of Spalding University master of the fine arts program in creative writing. She also continues to work for the Louisville Review and the Fleur-de-Lis-Press. Sena Jeter Naslund defiantly has an all-around passion for writing. Maybe that is the reason her novels are all most impossible to put down. Essay -- Sena Jeter Naslund’s life and her success as an author. Mrs. Naslund was born Sena Kathryn Jeter was born and raised in Birmingham Alabama. While growing up Naslund was captivated by books. These books sparked her to start creative writing on her own. She was expected into one of the most prestigious creative writing programs in the nation. There she earned masters and Ph.D. in creative writing and literature. Naslund served as the director of the university for twelve years and has been a visiting professor at several other colleges thought the years. The first publication of her work was publicized in nineteen-seventy two, the book â€Å"Julius Geissler†. She later published five novels and two short stories. Sena Kathryn Jeter was born June twenty eight nineteen forty- two. She was born and raised in Birmingham, Alabama. Sena Jeter attended Phillips High School. She begins writing at the young age of nine. Her first short story was published in her school newspaper. However, writing is not but one of her many talents, she also played the cello in Birmingham Youth and Alabama pops orchestras. The University of Alabama offered her scholarships for music. Sena declined there offer because she felt writing was her true talent. After declining the University of Alabama she applied to the Birmingham Southern College. Sena accomplished a bachelor’s degree, while attending Birmingham-Southern College. To further her education as a grad student Sena applied to the University of Iowa’s Iowa Writers Workshop. This being one of the nation’s most prestigious creative writing programs. During her stay at the University of Iowa Sena Earned a Masters and a PH.D in creative writing and literature in nineteen seventy-one. Sena Jeter had a few... ...imate and epic. Being from the south widely influences the way that Naslund writes. Some of her other writings include† Abundance† A novel of Marie Antoinette written in two thousand six and Adam and Eve written in two thousand ten. Naslund now lives in Louisiana with her husband John C. Morrison. However she keeps close ties to her home state of Alabama. She was recognized by the Alabama State Council of Arts, who presented her with the Governor’s Arts Award in two thousand eleven. Naslund is currently professor and writer at the University of Louisville and the Director of Spalding University master of the fine arts program in creative writing. She also continues to work for the Louisville Review and the Fleur-de-Lis-Press. Sena Jeter Naslund defiantly has an all-around passion for writing. Maybe that is the reason her novels are all most impossible to put down.

The Causes of School Violence :: Expository Cause Effect Essays Columbine

Violence in schools is an ever-growing problem in America. It seems every time we turn on the television we hear news of a new and even more disastrous event. The question we need to ask ourselves now is how can we prevent these tragedies. Many agree that looking at the behavior of students and trying to catch the problem before it escalates could be the solution. Schools increasingly believe that their responsibility is not only to teach academics, but also to curb violent, disruptive, and antisocial behavior. They recognize that underlying problems, such as bullying, teasing and learning disabilities, need to be addressed. Many of these problems were present in Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold, the adolescent murderers from Littleton, Colorado, but were not adequately addressed before the tragedy. Dylan and Eric had been quiet, intelligent boys and respectful to their teachers throughout middle school, but as they entered high school, things began to change. Dylan and Eric began to alienate themselves and became "loners". They would play violent games and were easily agitated. For a class project, Dylan and Eric made a video featuring gunmen in long coats shooting athletes in the school hallways. They were often made fun of by the "popular" crowd. Why were these signs left unaddressed? Research has shown that the students most likely to own guns and bring them to school have histories of antisocial behavior involving violations of school codes of conduct and criminal laws. Violence, typically, is used to express feelings, to manipulate others, or to retaliate against others. Warning signs include: * Inability to self-regulate emotions * Exposure to violence/abuse * Alienation/rebelliousness * Peer rejection * Substance abuse * Academic failure/ low goals, aspirations * Lack of effort in school Violent youth usually feel alienated. The key to curbing this behavior is learning to recognize these signs and getting professional help for those displaying them. The earlier the intervention, the more effective it will be. Some medical conditions have been connected with violent behavior in young people.